وجدتها على صفحات غوغل- مجهولة المترجم
: Phase ideal societies in the Liberal Age.
Democratic perpetually learning, and modern society is a society in which to learn.
State retains the power of life and death of civil liberties and civil and political society.
What institutional culture, and it depends on the future development of political and constitutional reform.
Interview conducted by : Diop
State still uses the Arab civilian areas in a comprehensive manner. Monopolize the big cases, intervene even in the small details. The result is tangible : stretched themselves, and failed to promote the tasks which has been monopolized by the community-interest-owner failed energies. and extinguished mobility neighbourhood. And proceeded towards Nkosat satisfactory. Worse for them, they are far from safety. They are living on the edge-term D. Mr. Muhammad Saeed, who Alteketh in his workplace. And the dialogue :
* to talk about the Arab civil society and Arab non-governmental organizations, take a look for a way out to be hoped, of the situation in which the Arab countries, Will you return to us in a historical overview to the roots of the social formations?
** civic organizations in the old Arab majority Arab societies. In Egypt created the first grassroots organizations in the 1960s, 1800s. The important achievements of the giant is building institutions, for example the type of CairoUniversity. And hospital giant, which is still proud of them. But these associations ideal stage in the Liberal Age, or semi-liberal. There was the legal framework for creation, is an integral part of the Civil Code, which are the foundations of a climate of freedom. While each of the regulatory authority of the administrative state, and making them is the sole authority to the judiciary.
But, after the period of liberalism, and particularly since 1952 Was the gradual elimination of the independence of NGOs and stifled breathing civil society in general.
The idea of legislation is the beginning of class rights and public freedoms. Generally, when a special legislation, obtained outside the framework of the Civil Code, it is intended to subdue the activity of civil or social Sultan of the state administrative body, and sugar restrictions.
The Ministry of Social Affairs, supervising all types of organizations - from the scientific societies or geographical or chemical. Through all kinds of literary and cultural activities and the activities of public and advocacy. Back to the charitable affairs, the ministry can resolve the governing boards, councils and the appointment of an alternative. Cancellation decisions, confiscation of funds, transfer of funds to the other. Etc. This was not the repressive authoritarian law is the only reason to eliminate the idea of civil society, but based on the number of other changes, including : First eliminate what might be called (b civilian economy), Any funds available from charitable, cooperative and ethical and associations organized social movement in general.
Secondly been gradually brought under control on the State Islamic endowment, and to prevent the possibility of its development into something like a system in place today in the West; mean Aloaqviat system, or a system of specialized institutions with the support of the scientific, cultural, charitable and advocacy. etc.
Thirdly eliminate Arstocrateh land, financed primarily by charitable social work; Pena was unable to wealthy businessmen in the shape of a class of high organic composition.
The cooperative societies do not have the cultural source of funding at all, either by the business or by the State. Thus there is a problem is the absence of a civilian economy to support civic education and civic responsibility, civic and advocacy in all its forms. Beginning movements or associations of human rights, through consumer protection associations, and the preservation of the environment. Etc.
* What about voluntary work proceeding?
** voluntary work are two forms : social movements - and this was known by the Arab world. Or institutions Monhemius, relatively speaking, civil societies, or private institutions. We have successful models, where frameworks, funding and the care and protection of implicit. Etc.
But the basic situation of the Arab-advocacy organizations such as human rights advocacy, or otherwise-restricted to cases with a degree of relative equilibrium. It is a very few cases, including Lebanon and Morocco. And to a lesser extent - in Tunisia during the 1970s and 1980s of the last century-something where it originated from the actual pluralism, As a result of the movement of the working class, or organize. It is also the case that intellectuals form parties before collapsing with the completion of the process of the elimination of civil society in Tunisia.
Q : Do you believe that Arab culture today opens the possibility of becoming a civic culture?
** have in the Arab world, what we may call the "culture of polite" no culture has a civil liability, but did not live up to the range of elements necessary to enrich and deepen civic organizations. On top of a culture of peaceful resolution of disputes and conflicts intellectual, political and otherwise dialogue, integration and cooperation between the various currents in the framework of civil society. This was a particular problem with the lack of interest in public affairs in the Arab world, over a long period of dictatorship. It is incompatible with the presence of volunteer work, primarily.
* Among the ironies of printed meeting, the Task Force and Altzrr and addiction to await miracles; At a time of great need for us to manage our own affairs, through the efforts of the Organization for the actor.
** This is the absence of institutional culture, or what is called institutionalizing culture, reality, and this reality, unfortunately sustained. Yes, lacking adequate basis for institution-building, or any idea-operation Department. The administration, in the framework of the Civil Administration cultural almost less Tjohra cultural vocabulary in the Arab culture. including civil society, in particular.
Signs have good, But I think that it depends on the future development of political and constitutional reform is essential to ensure minimum democratic freedoms, and public freedoms.
* Reform condition of civil society, independent State domination, and yet it is subject to?
Q : Y
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
التصنيفات : غير مصنف |
